The effect of Logotherapy on the midlife crisis of middle-aged parents with autistic children: Single case study

Abstract :

Parents with autism children face many challenges and concerns. These concerns are more concerned with the child's future assessment and concern about the child's future and causes them to face a middle -aged crisis; Therefore, they need psychological interventions that increase their level of meaning and purpose in life; Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Logotherapy on the crisis of the middle ages parenting with autism in October 2023 in Tabriz. This study was performed by a single case (A-B-A) by targeted sampling on four middle-aged parents with autism. Logotherapy intervention was implemented for 8 sessions 60 minute and its effectiveness on the crisis of the middle ages was evaluated. The crisis of the middle ages was evaluated by the Oles’s (1994) midlife crisis questionnaire. Data analysis was used by the percentage of overlapping data, the difference between the average base line, the percentage of the process of the trend line. The results showed that mean therapeutic intervention reduced the crisis of the middle ages parenting with autism (PND = 100). Also, the results of the follow -up test showed that the effects of the intervention continued after a month of implementation of the last therapeutic session.Therefore mental health professionals can use Logotherapy as one of the psychological treatments to improve the crisis of the middle ages of parents with autism.

References:

اسمعیل پور دیلمقانی، روح انگیز؛ پناه علی، امیر؛ اقدسی، امیرعلی؛ خادمی، علی. (1401). اثربخشی معنادرمانی گروهی بر اضطراب مرگ، احساس تنهایی و معنای زندگی در زنان سالمند با ترس از ویروس کرونا. روانشناسی پیری، 8(2)، 135-147.
افروز، غلامعلی؛ رنجبر، سروش؛ صیادی، ارشد؛ بساطی، عرفان. (1398). واکاوی تجارب زیسته والدین کودکان دارای اختلال طیف اتیسم (مطالعه ای با رویکرد پدیدارشناسی). همایش خانواده، اختلال اتیسم و چالش های همراه، تهران،https://civilica.com/doc/919067.
بهرامی حصاری، محمدرضا (1395). رابطه ی بحران‌میانسالی‌ با ‌استرس‌ادراکشده و‌سرمایه ی‌روانشناختی. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی.
توپکانلویی، صفورا؛ قنبری هاشم آبادی، بهرامعلی؛ آقامحمدیان شعرباف، حمید رضا (1396). اثر بخشی روان درمانی پویشی کوتاه مدت گروهی بر رضای ت زندگی میانسالان دارای نشانه های بحران هویت. مطالعات روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی (مرکز توسعه آموزشهای نوین ایران)، 3(1)، 125-137.
روزبهانی، عباس و علی اکبری دهکردی، مهناز. (1396). ساخت و اعتباریابی مقیاس ایرانی چالش های میانسالی. پژوهش های کاربردی روانشناختی، 8(2)، 167-180.
سرهنگی، معصومه؛ حسینی نسب، داوود؛ پناه علی، امیر (1401). اثربخشی آموزش معنادرمانی بر بهزیستی روانشناختی، مهارتهای ارتباطی و استرس والدگری مادران کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی. خانواده درمانی کاربردی، 3(3)، 388-417.
شریعت، ارغوان؛ غضنفری، احمد؛ یارمحمدیان، احمد؛ صصولتی، کمال؛ چرامی، مریم. (1400). اثربخشی معنادرمانی بر افسردگی و ویژگیهای روانشناختی مثبت سالمندان. روانشناسی پیری، 7(3)، 283-300.
مولودی، استیره؛ عبداله زاده، حسن (1402). مطالعه کیفی راهبردهای مقابله با بحران میان سالی در میان سالان شهر تهران. دست آوردهای روانشناختی (علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی)، 3(1)، 121-144.
نقدی، مژگان؛ طاهر، محبوبه؛ آقایی، حکیمه؛ حسین خانزاده، عباسعلی. (1402). مقایسه اثربخشی معنادرمانی و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر احساس تنهایی سالمندان. مجله علوم شناختی، 22(128)، 1663-1678.
Agarwal, R., Wuyke, G., Sharma, U., Burke, S. L., Howard, M., Li, T., ... & Bastida, E. (2022). Stress and anxiety among parents of transition-aged children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review of interventions and scales. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1-23.‏
Barnameh, N., Bagheri, N., & Tanha, Z. (2023). Comparing the Effectiveness of Assertiveness Training and Logo Therapy Training on Resilience and Life Expectancy in Mothers with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Islamic Life Style, 7, 294-305.
Bhatia, R., & Ansari, M. U. H. A STUDY OF THE PERCEPTION OF MIDDLE-AGED INDIVIDUALS OF MUMBAI CITY REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF MIDLIFE CRISIS ON VARIUOS ASPECTS OF THEIR LIVES.‏ Rabindra Bharati University Journal of Economics, Vol: XVII, 12-25.
Chan, W. C. H. (2023). Applying Logotherapy in teaching meaning in life in professional training and social work education. The British Journal of Social Work, bcad181.‏
C R, J. (2022). A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE ON MIDLIFE CRISIS AMONG WOMEN WITH MIDLIFE CRISIS.‏
Curley, K., Colman, R., Rushforth, A., & Kotera, Y. (2023). Stress Reduction Interventions for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Focused Literature Review. Youth, 3(1), 246-260.‏
Dizdarevic, A., Memisevic, H., Osmanovic, A., & Mujezinovic, A. (2020). Family quality of life: Perceptions of parents of children with developmental disabilities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2020.1756114
Floyd, F. J., Mailick, M. R., Greenberg, J. S., Namkung, E. H., & Song, J. (2019). Families at midlife. In B. H. Fiese, M. Celano, K. Deater-Deckard, E. N. Jouriles, & M. A. Whisman (Eds.), APA handbook of contemporary family psychology: Foundations, methods, and contemporary issues across the lifespan (pp. 611–629). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000099-034
Frankl V. E. (1988). The Will to Meaning: Foundations and Applications of Logotherapy. New York, NY, Meridian.
Frankl, V. (2006). Man's Search for Meaning. An Introduction to Logotherapy. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
Frankl V. E. (2008) Man’s Search for Meaning, London, Rider.
Frankl V. E. (2010) The Feelings of Meaninglessness: A Challenege to Psychotherapy and Philosophy, Milwaukee, WI, Marquette University Press.
García-Alandete, J. (2015). Meaning in life predict psychological well-being? The European Journal of Counselling Psychology, 3(2), 89-98.
Hazra, B., & Chatterjee, D. (2023). Midlife Crisis in Indian Men and Women. International Journal of Indian Psychȯlogy, 11(3).‏
Jahan, S., Araf, K., Gozal, D., Griffiths, M. D., & Mamun, M. A. (2020). Depression and suicidal behaviors among Bangladeshi mothers of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: a comparative study. Asian journal of psychiatry, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.101994.
Kim, W. E. (2020). Logotherapy as a treatment for depression in therapy and counseling. Academia Letters.‏ https://www.academia.edu/45506725/Literature_Review_Logotherapy_as_a_Treatment_for_Clinical_Depression
Längle, A. (2019). The history of logotherapy and existential analysis. The Wiley world handbook of existential therapy.P. 309-323.‏
Lee, G. K., & Shivers, C. M. (2019). Factors that affect the physical and mental health of caregivers of school-age children and transitioning young adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(3), 622–634
Maughan, A. L., Lunsky, Y., Lake, J., Mills, J. S., Fung, K., Steel, L., & Weiss, J. A. (2023). Parent, child, and family outcomes following Acceptance And Commitment Therapy for parents of autistic children: A randomized controlled trial. Autism, 13623613231172241.‏
Miraclin, M., & Nizam, S. P. (2023). Midlife Crisis Research and Its Relation to Depression and Psychological Capital Research. Latin American Journal of Pharmacy, 42(10), 211-220.‏
Oluyemi, J., Olumide, F., Emmanuel, A., Olawande, F., & Adejoke, J. (2023). Coping With Midlife Crisis: A Cross-Sectional Study of Ondo City, Southwestern Nigeria. African Journal of Empirical Research, 4(1), 250-255.‏
Patra, S., & Patro, B. K. (2019). Affiliate stigma among parents of children with autism in eastern India. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 44, 45-47
Parker, G. (2022). In search of logotherapy. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 56(7), 742-744.‏
Rahgozar, S., & Giménez-Llort, L. (2020). Foundations and applications of logotherapy to improve mental health of immigrant populations in the third millennium. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 451.‏
Shantall, T., & Shantall, T. (2020). How Am I to Address Your Problems? The Methods and Techniques of Logotherapy. The Lıfe-changıng Impact of Vıktor Frankl's Logotherapy, 141-171.‏