روابط ساختاری خودکارآمدی و کمال¬گرایی با علایم وسواس فکری/ عملی در جمعیت غیربالینی: نقش میانجی¬گر راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان

چکیده مقاله :

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی آثار علّی مستقیم و غیرمستقیم خودکارآمدی و کمال­گرایی بر علائم وسواس فکری/ عملی در جمعیت غیربالینی، با تاکید بر نقش میانجی­گر راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان، انجام شد. از میان بزرگسالان 20 تا 40 سال شهر تهران 473 به صورت داوطلبانه انتخاب شدند توسط پرسش­نامه وسواس فکری/ عملی، پرسش­نامه راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان، پرسش­نامه کمال­گرایی و پرسش­نامه خودکارآمدی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. برای تحلیل داده­ها از روش تحلیل مسیر در نرم افزار AMOS-24 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که خودکارآمدی و راهبردهای سازش­یافته تنظیم شناختی هیجان اثر علّی منفی بر علایم وسواس فکری/ عملی داشتند، درحالی­که اثر علّی کمال­گرایی و راهبردهای سازش­نایافته تنظیم هیجان بر وسواس فکری/ عملی، مثبت بود. همچنین، راهبردهای سازش­یافته تنظیم شناختی هیجان میانجی­گر رابطه خودکارآمدی و کمال­گرایی با علایم وسواس فکری/ عملی بود، اما راهبردهای سازش­نایافته تنظیم شناختی هیجان تنها رابطه خودکارآمدی با وسواس فکری/ عملی را میانجی­گری کرد. بنابراین، می­توان اذعان داشت که سازه­های کمال­گرایی، خودکارآمدی و تنظیم هیجان نقش بنیادین در تبیین علائم وسواس فکری/عملی و حتی طراحی مداخلات پیشگیرانه و درمانی دارند.

چکیده انگلیسی :

The purpose of this study was to investigate the direct and indirect effects of self-efficacy and perfectionism on obsessive - compulsive symptoms in nonclinical population by emphasizing the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies.From the adults of 20 to 40 years old of Tehran, 473 adults voluntary selected and assessed by obsessive compulsive questionnaire, cognitive emotion regulation strategies questionnaire, perfectionism questionnaire and self - efficacy questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, path analysis method in AMOS- 24 software was used.The results showed that self-efficacy and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies had a negative effect on obsessive-compulsive symptoms while effect of perfectionism and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies on obsessive - compulsive disorder was positive. Also, adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediated the relationship of self - efficacy and perfectionism with obsessive compulsive symptoms. However, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediated only the relationship of self-efficacy with obsessive - compulsive disorder. Therefore, it can be argued that self-efficacy, perfectionism and emotion regulation constructs play a fundamental role in explaining obsessive - compulsive symptoms and even designing preventive and therapeutic interventions.

منابع و مأخذ:

جمشیدی، بهنام؛ حسین چاری، مسعود؛ حقیقت، شهربانو و رزمی، محمدرضا. (1388). اعتباريابي مقياس جديد كمال گرايي. مجله علوم رفتاری، 1 (3)، 35-43.
حسنی، جعفر. (1390). بررسی اعتبار و روایی فرم کوتاه پرسش¬نامه نظم جویی شناختی هیجان. تحقیقات علوم رفتاری، 9 (4)، 229-240.
راجزی اصفهانی، سپیده؛ متقی پور، یاسمن؛ کامکاری، کامبیز؛ ظهیرالدین، علیرضا و جان بزرگی، مسعود. (1390). پایایی و روایی نسخه فارسی مقیاس وسواسی – اجباری ییل براون. مجله روانپزشکی و روانشناسی بالینی ایران، 4، 297-303.
کرامتی، هادی و شهرآرای، مهرناز. (1383). بررسی نقش خودکارآمدی ادراک شده در عملکرد ریاضی. فصلنامه نوآوری های آموزشی، 10 (3)، 103-115.
Aydin, A. Boysan, M. Tutarel-Kışlak, Ş. Kalafat, T. Selvi, Y. & Beşiroğlu, L. (2012). The Predictive Value of Interpersonal Schemas, Perfectionism, and Thought Action-Fusion in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 25(2):108-118.
Bandura, A. (Ed). (1995). Self-Efficacy in Changing Societies. New York: Cambridge Univeristy Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511527692 Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.
Bandura, A. (2012). On the Functional Properties of Perceived Self-Efficacy Revisited. Journal of Management, 38(1), 9-44.
Berman, N.C., Shaw, A. M., & Wilhelm, S. (2018). Emotion regulation in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder: Unique effects for those with “taboo thoughts”. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 42 (5), 674-685.
Chen, I.J., Hu, M., Zhang, H., & Guo, Z. (2018). The effect of parenting behavior on the obsessive-compulsive symptom of college students: The mediating role of perfectionism. Creative Education, 9, 758-778.
Cervin, M. (2023). Obsessive-compulsive disorder: diagnosis, clinical features, nosology, and epidemiology. Psychiatric Clinics, 46(1), 1-16.
Cougle, J. R., Timpano, K. R., & Goetz, A. R. (2012). Exploring the unique and interactive roles of distress tolerance and negative urgency in obsessions. Personality and Individual Differences, 52, 515-520.
Farrell, B., Richardson, L., Raman-Wilms, L., Launay, D., Alsabbagh, W., & Conklin, J. (2018). Self-efficacy for prescribing: A survey for health care professionals using evidence-based prescribing guidelines. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 14 (1), 18-25.
Frost, R.O., & Marten, P. A. (2018). Perfectionism and evaluative threat. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 14, 559-572.
Frost, R. O., & Steketee, G. (1997). Perfectionism in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients. Behaviour research and therapy, 35(4), 291-296.
Frost, R.O., & Steketee, G. (2010). Perfectionism in obsessive compulsive disorder patients. Behavior Research and Therapy, (35), 291-296.
Gross, J. J., & Jazaieri, H. (2014). Emotion, emotion regulation, and psychopathology: An affective science perspective. Clinical psychological science, 2(4), 387-401.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1996). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55.
Jalal, B., Chamberlain, S. R., & Sahakian, B. J. (2023). Obsessive‐compulsive disorder: Etiology, neuropathology, and cognitive dysfunction. Brain and Behavior, e3000.
Kim, H., Seo, J., Namkoong, K., Hwang, E.H., Sohn, S. Y., Kim, S. J., Kang, J. I. (2016). Alexithymia and perfectionism traits are associated with suicidal risk in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 192, 50-5.
Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd. Ed.). New York: Guilfrod Press.
Limburg, K., Watson, H. J., Hagger, M. S., & Egan, S. J. (2017). The relationship between perfectionism and psychopathology: A meta‐analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 73(10), 1301-1326.
Macedo, A., Marques, C., Quaresma, V., Soares, M. J., Amaral, A. P., Araújo, A. I., & Pereira, A. T. (2017). Are perfectionism cognitions and cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediators between perfectionism and psychological distress?. Personality and Individual Differences, 119, 46-51.
McLean, C. P., Zang, Y., Gallagher, T., Suzuki, N., Yarvis, J. S., Litz, B. T., ... & STRONG STAR Consortium. (2019). Trauma-related cognitions and cognitive emotion regulation as mediators of PTSD change among treatment-seeking active-duty military personnel with PTSD. Behavior Therapy, 50(6), 1053-1062.
Meral, Y., Boysan, M., Sandıkçı, T., Çalışkan, Y., Haşimoğlu, A., Doğangün, B., & Kadak, M. T. (2023). Relationships between dissociation, obsessive beliefs, and self-esteem in juvenile obsessive-compulsive disorder: a case-controlled clinical study. Current Psychology, 42(8), 6043-6055.
Merling, L. F., Siev, J., Delucia, C., & Davidtz, J. (2022). I Think I Can: The Role of Self-Efficacy in Exposure to Contamination. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 41(5), 423-443.
Miklósi, M., Martos, T., Szabó, M., Kocsis-Bogár, K., & Forintos, D. (2014). Cognitive emotion regulation and stress: A multiple mediation approach. Translational Neuroscience, 5(1), 64-71.
Moretz, M. W., & McKay, D. (2009). The role of perfectionism in obsessive–compulsive symptoms:“Not just right” experiences and checking compulsions. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(5), 640-644.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2012). Emotion regulation and psychopathology: The role of gender. Annual review of clinical psychology, 8, 161-187.
Otto, L. R., Sin, N. L., Almeida, D. M., & Sloan, R. P. (2018). Trait emotion regulation strategies and diurnal cortisol profiles in healthy adults. Health Psychology, 37 (3), 301-305.
Parmar, A., Ganesh, R., &Mishra, A. K. (2019). The top 100 cited articles on Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD): A citation analysis. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 34–41.
Pinto, A., Dargani, N., Wheaton, M. G., Cervoni, C., Rees, C. S., &Egan, S. J. (2017). Perfectionism in obsessive-compulsive disorder and related disorders: What should treating clinicians know? Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 12, 102-108.
Schwarzer, R., & Luszczynska, A. (2007). Health behave or constructs: Theory, measurement, and research. National Cancer Institute Website.
Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods in Psychological Researches, 8, 23-74.
Sheppes, G., Suri, G., & Gross, J. J. (2015). Emotion regulation and psychopathology. Annual review of clinical psychology, 11, 379-405.
Trafford, A.A., Wroe, A.L., Brown, G., Luzon, O. (2018). What You See is What You Do: Imagery and the Moral Judgements of Individuals with OCD. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 16, 50-55.
Wilhelm, S., Berman, N. C., Keshaviah, A., Schwartz, R. A., &Steketee, G. (2015). Mechanisms of Change in Cognitive Therapy for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Role of Maladaptive Beliefs and Schemas. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 65, 5-10.
Yap, K., Mogan, C., Moriarty, A., Dowling, N., Blair‐West, S., Gelgec, C., & Moulding, R. (2018). Emotion regulation difficulties in obsessive‐compulsive disorder. Journal of clinical psychology, 74(4), 695-709.