The effectiveness of paradoxical therapy on body image bias and coping strategies in obese individuals with body dysmorphic disorder

Abstract :

Introduction: Excessive fixation on perceived flaws in appearance among overweight individuals negatively impacts their quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of paradoxical therapy on body image bias and coping strategies in overweight individuals with body dysmorphic disorder.

Method: This research utilized a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures, including a control group. The statistical population comprised 49 obese individuals with body dysmorphic disorder who sought weight loss treatments at nutrition clinics in 2023. A purposive sampling method was employed, resulting in a sample of 36 eligible participants, who were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (18 individuals) and the control group (18 individuals). Participants completed the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale for body dysmorphic disorder, the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), and the Body Image Coping Strategies Inventory (BICSI).

Results: Data analysis using one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that paradoxical therapy significantly reduced body image bias and enhanced positive evaluations of appearance, fitness, and body satisfaction. It also decreased preoccupation with subjective appearance and weight, while proving effective in coping strategies related to body image by reducing appearance fixation and avoidance and increasing positive rational acceptance (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: Given that paradoxical therapy can improve clients' emotional states and help them recognize the irrationality of their emotional responses, this approach is recommended for developing more adaptive strategies regarding body image in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder.

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