پیشایندها و پیامدهای روان شناختی اعتیاد به اینترنت
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسیمرجان فریددانش 1 , علی محمد رضایی 2 *
1 - گروه روانشناسی، پردیس علوم و تحقیقات سمنان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران.
2 - گروه روانشناسی تربیتی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.
کلید واژه: خودکنترلی, خودکارآمدی, عزت نفس, اعتیاد به اینترنت, کیفیت خواب, پریشانی روانشناختی, بهزیستی روانشناختی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعیین پیشایندها (خودکنترلی، خودکارآمدی و عزت نفس) و پیامدهای روانشناختی اعتیاد به اینترنت (کیفیت خواب، پریشانی روانشناختی و بهزیستی روانشناختی) بود. روش پژوهش توصیفی– همبستگی و جامعه آماری شامل کلیه کاربران دانشجویی شبکه‌های اجتماعی دانشگاه دامغان در سال ١٤٠٢ بود. با استفاده از نمونه‌‌‌‌گیری دردسترس ٢٩٨ نفر انتخاب و به ابزارهای پژوهش شامل آزمون اعتیاد به اینترنت یانگ، شاخص کیفیت خواب پترزبورگ، مقیاس عزت نفس روزنبرگ، مقیاس خودکارآمدی عمومی شرر، مقیاس خودکنترلی تنگی، پریشانی روانشناختی کسلر و مقیاس بهزیستی روانشناختی ریف پاسخ دادند. داده‌ها با تکنیک حداقل مربعات جزئی و نرمافزار SmartPLS 3/0 تحلیل شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد بین خودکنترلی و اعتیاد به اینترنت رابطه معکوس وجود دارد. اعتیاد به اینترنت به‌صورت مستقیم بر کیفیت خواب و پریشانی روانشناختی و به‌صورت غیرمستقیم با میانجی‌گری کیفیت خواب و پریشانی روانشناختی بر بهزیستی روانشناختی اثرگذار بود. براساس نتایج حاصله می‌توان گفت ضعف خودکنترلی باعث اعتیاد به اینترنت و اعتیاد به اینترنت باعث کاهش کیفیت خواب، افزایش پریشانی روانشناختی و درنهایت کاهش بهزیستی روانشناختی می‌شود. مبتنی‌بر یافته‌های حاصله می‌توان به آماده‌سازی و ارایه بهتر برنامه‌های پیشگیری و درمان ازطریق تقویت خودکنترلی برای افراد درمعرض اعتیاد به اینترنت پرداخت و از این طریق به کاهش اعتیاد به اینترنت و به تبع آن بهبود کیفیت خواب، کاهش پریشانی روانشناختی و ارتقا بهزیستی روانشناختی کمک نمود.
The purpose of this research was to investigate the predictors (self-control, self-efficacy and self-esteem) and psychological consequences of Internet addiction (sleep quality, psychological distress and psychological well-being). For this purpose, a descriptive-correlational research method was employed. All student users of social networks at Damghan University in year 2023 constituted the statistical population of the current study.Using available sampling, 298 people were selected and answered research tools including Young Internet Addiction Test, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Sheerer General Self-efficacy Scale, Tangy Brief self-control scale, Ryff Psychological Well-being Scales and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. After data collection, partial least squares test was run in PLS to analyze the data. The results represented a negative relationship between self-control and internet addiction. Internet addiction directly affected sleep quality and self-esteem. Furthermore, internet addiction indirectly affected psychological well-being through the mediation of sleep quality and psychological distress. Accordingly, it can be claimed that weakness in self-control may lead to internet addiction, which brings about decreased sleep quality, increased psychological distress, and reduced psychological well-being. Based on the findings, one can help with the better preparation and presentation of prevention and treatment programs by strengthening self-control for the ones exposed to internet addiction. In this way, internet addiction, sleep quality, and mental distress can be mitigated and, thereby, cognitive and psychological well-being may be improved.
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